There was a time when more than half of the population of Essaouira was Jewish. A Jewish population began to settle in Essaouira in the 18th century, when it was still known as Mogador, under the protection of the Sultan of Morocco. They prospered as merchants, artisans and artists, and created a vibrant and influential community. While today the vast majority have emigrated from Essaouira, many remnants remain:
Bayt Dakira is a museum in Essaouira's old town, which was inaugurated in 2020. The museum is dedicated to the memory of the Jewish communities that have lived in Essaouira over the centuries, and presents the Jewish history and culture of the city. The museum houses a collection of rare books, historical documents, photographs and ritual objects that document Essaouira's rich Jewish history. There are also interactive exhibits, multimedia installations and cultural events that give visitors a better understanding of the city's Jewish culture and heritage.
The Essaouira Marine Cemetery is a historic burial ground located near the city walls. It was established in the 18th century and was used by the local Jewish and Muslim communities.
The cemetery is known for its white limestone tombs, decorated with floral and geometric designs, and its spectacular location on a cliff overlooking the ocean. It is a popular place for visitors to relax and enjoy the view of the ocean.
The Haim Pinto Mausoleum is located in Essaouira and is a place of pilgrimage for Moroccan Jews and visitors who wish to learn more about the life and legacy of this holy man. The mausoleum is a fine example of traditional Moroccan architecture and is decorated with mosaics, stucco designs and Arabic calligraphy. Haim Pinto was a Moroccan Jewish rabbi and scholar who lived in the 18th century in Essaouira. He was considered a holy man known for his miracles and healing.
The first Jew elected in the United States was from Mogador
One of the first Jews elected to the United States was from Mogador, also known as Essaouira. He was David Levy Yulee, born in 1810 in St. Thomas, in the Danish Virgin Islands. His father, Moses Elias Levy, was a Sephardic Jew born in Mogador, who emigrated to Florida in the United States in 1822. David Levy Yulee became a lawyer and was elected to the U.S. Senate in 1845, representing Florida. He became the first Jewish Senator in American history. Yulee was also a major sugar cane planter in Florida, where he founded the town of Fernandina Beach and built a railroad connecting that town to Cedar Key. Although he never lived in Mogador, David Levy Yulee's story exemplifies the importance of the Jewish diaspora and how Jews have contributed to the history and culture of different countries worldwide.
André Azoulay, King's Advisor
André Azoulay, born in Essaouira, is an advisor to the King of Morocco, Mohammed VI, and is involved in several cultural and educational organizations. He is also known for his work in promoting intercultural dialogue and for his efforts to strengthen ties between Morocco and Jewish communities worldwide.